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CL Answer

Does heat kill coronavirus (COVID-19)? Can it disinfect face masks and packages?

Find out if heat kills the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 infection. Learn what temperature kills the coronavirus and more. ConsumerLab explains.

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Which is the best mask to prevent COVID-19 and how do cloth, disposable, N95, and KN95 masks compare? How can I stop glasses from fogging?

See our Top Picks for masks. Learn how to make COVID-19 masks from materials at home that can be almost as effective as surgical mask and N-95 masks.

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Where to Safely Buy Real Vitamins and Supplements Online, Not Fakes or Counterfeits

ConsumerLab explains how to avoid counterfeit vitamins and supplements when shopping online on Amazon, Walmart.com, and other sites. Learn to identify authorized sites and sellers and avoid fake supplements. Use the brand-by-brand guide to protect yourself from risk.

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I am 70 a year male in relatively good health. I plan on walking the Camino in France (500 miles). I am looking for a multivitamin that would best supply me with my needs during this walk/hike. What would be the best product or combination of products to use?

Find out if older adults who walk or hike should take a multivitamin, vitamin C, vitamin D, or other supplements, like electrolytes, when hiking. Plus, see our advice for choosing a good sunscreen.

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What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy?

We’ve boiled down the latest research about mineral and chemical sunscreens, including product tests, to help you choose the best sunscreen (which will depend on whether you expect to be in or out of the water). We also list popular sunscreens that have, or have not, been found to contain cancer-causing compounds (benzene and benzophenone).

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7 Red Flags to Watch Out For When Buying Vitamins & Supplements

When it comes to buying vitamins and supplements, it's buyer beware. ConsumerLab explains seven red flags to look out for on labels when choosing and buying vitamins or supplements, including claims of "FDA Approved" laboratories, what to look for in the ingredient list, and more.

CL Answer

Which supplements can cause diarrhea?

Can supplements like magnesium cause diarrhea? Find out which supplements may cause diarrhea, such as vitamin B12, curcumin, magnesium, vitamin C and fish oil.

Product Review

Coconut Oil and Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) Oil Review — Semi-Solid and Liquid Oils & Supplements

Find the Best Coconut Oil and MCT Oil. See How These Oils Compare on Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCTs), Quality, and Value.

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7 Tips to Avoid Getting a Pill Stuck in Your Throat

Some pills can be difficult to swallow and can even become lodged in the throat or cause damage to the esophagus. Learn seven practical tips to help avoid getting pills stuck in the throat.

Product Review

Bilberry Supplements Review

Choose the Best Bilberry Supplement. Some Bilberry Is Not Authentic!

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I am curious why some probiotics do not require refrigeration even though they contain some of the same bacteria in probiotics that require refrigeration? Which probiotics need to be refrigerated?

Refrigerating certain probiotic pills and other probiotic supplements is important. Get tips on how to store probiotics properly.

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Sugar Substitutes: Pros, Cons, and Best Choices

Learn about the pros and cons of using sugar substitutes and artificial sweeteners in place of table sugar. Sweeteners discussed include stevia, monk fruit, and other high-intensity sweeteners; xylitol, erythritol, allulose and other low-calorie sweeteners; and agave syrup, coconut sugar, honey, molasses and other sugar alternatives.

Product Review

Vitamin D Supplements Review (Including Calcium, Magnesium, Vitamin K, and Boron)

Find the Best Vitamin D Supplement and Avoid Problems

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Does magnesium help with depression?

Find out if having low magnesium levels increases the risk of depression and if supplements such as magnesium citrate, magnesium chloride, can help for depression. Also, find out how to make sure you are getting adequate magnesium. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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Do hair loss supplements, such as Viviscal, Hair La Vie, and Nutrafol, or topical essential oils work?

Vitamins and supplements that may help with hair loss and thinning, including saw palmetto, beta-sitosterol, protein, iron, and vitamin D.

Product Review

Vitamin C Supplements Review

Find the Best Vitamin C Supplements

Product Review

Calcium and Bone Health Supplements Review (Including Vitamins D & K, Magnesium and Boron)

See Which Bone Health Supplements Are Top Picks and Which Fail

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Risks of Too Many Vitamins & Supplements

Taking too many vitamin supplements -- or taking too much of a particular supplement -- can have short and long-term adverse effects.

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Room Carbon Dioxide Monitors: A Good Way to Assess Room Ventilation and Reduce COVID Spread?

Learn about carbon dioxide monitors, including how they work, what to look for when buying a device, tips for using them, limitations, and which device is our Top Pick.

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Which deodorants and antiperspirants are contaminated with benzene and which are not?

Benzene, a carcinogen, has been detected in over 40 spray deodorants, antiperspirants, and body sprays. Tests were conducted on brands including Axe, Bath & Body Works, Brut, Degree, Dove, Gold Bond, Right Guard, Secret, Speed Stick, Suave, Old Spice, Victoria's Secret and others. Find out which products contained benzene, and how much they contained.

Product Review

Prostate Supplements Review (Saw Palmetto and Beta-Sitosterol)

Find the Best Prostate Supplement for Symptoms of BPH. See Which Prostate Supplement Passed or Failed CL's Tests of Quality.

Product Review

B Vitamin Supplements Review (B Complexes, B6, B12, Biotin, Folate, Niacin, Riboflavin & More)

See Our Top Picks and Which 5 Failed Testing

Product Review

Magnesium Supplements Review (Including Calcium, Vitamins D & K, and Boron)

Find Out What Magnesium Does, Who Needs It, and Our Top Picks Among Supplements

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I take levothyroxine (Synthroid), a thyroid hormone to treat hypothyroidism. Are there supplements or foods I should avoid, or be taking, due to this drug?

Is taking certain supplements and hypothyroidism medications bad? Learn which supplements can interact with thyroid hormone medications like levothyroxine (Synthroid), thyroid hormone levels, and laboratory tests.

Product Review

Fish Oil, Krill Oil, and Algal Oil Omega-3 (DHA & EPA) Supplements Review

See Our Omega-3 Top Picks and Avoid Rancid Fish Oils.

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How much calcium do you need each day, what forms are best, and how much is too much?

Learn about the recommended daily intake of calcium from food & supplements and why taking too much can be harmful. Also, learn about the forms of calcium that are available and which are best.

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What is the best way to take curcumin? Is it better to take it all at once or in divided doses?

Find out the best way to take curcumin and turmeric supplements to increase absorption and bioavailability, plus the best way to cook with turmeric spice. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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How are you staying healthy during the coronavirus pandemic?

Tips for staying healthy during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Tips from ConsumerLab members for maintaining physical health, mental health and social well-being during COVID-19.

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Do any supplements help for flu?

Which supplements may help prevent or reduce symptoms of colds or the flu, including vitamin D, ginseng, NAC, and elderberry.

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I've tried a number of fish oil supplements, all of which make me nauseous. What is the best non-fish alternative? I am primarily interested in getting EPA.

Learn how to reduce fish oil side effects such as nausea and upset stomach.

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Have you tested vitamin K supplements with MenaQ7? Is this a good source of vitamin K if I need to avoid soy?

Information about MenaQ7, a MK-7 form of vitamin K2, including test results for a supplement containing MenaQ7.

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I developed a rash soon after starting a probiotic. Is it possible to be allergic to probiotics?

Find out if probiotics can cause allergic reactions, including skin rashes, and why.

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Some vitamin C products claim to use fully reduced vitamin C. Is this important?

Learn more about fully reduced vitamin C, including tips on how best to store vitamin C supplements.

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At-Home COVID Tests: How They Compare and What You Need to Know

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Tests: Where to get COVID-19 tests, including information about free testing, home testing and more. Information about SARS-CoV-2 virus tests, antibody tests and FDA authorized tests.

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How do the COVID-19 vaccines compare in terms of efficacy, safety and side effects? How, when and where do I get the COVID-19 vaccine?

Find out how the COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna compare and learn how when and where you can get the COVID-19 vaccine.

Product Review

Kelp Supplements Review

Choose the Best Kelp Supplement. Be Cautious With Kelp! Only 50% of Supplements Pass CL's Review.

Product Review

Olive Leaf Extract Supplements Review

Learn What Olive Leaf Does and the Best Brands

Product Review

Plant-Based Milks Review (Almond, Cashew, Coconut, Flax, Hemp, Macadamia, Oat, Pea, and Soy)

Find the Best Non-Dairy Milk Alternative. ConsumerLab Tests Reveal What's Really In Plant-Based Milks.

Product Review

Menopause Supplements Review (Soy and Red Clover Isoflavones, Black Cohosh) and Progesterone Creams

Choose the Best Menopause Supplement. Find Out Now Which Soy Isoflavone, Red Clover, Black Cohosh, and Progesterone Products Have the Active Compounds You Want!

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I have type 2 diabetes. Should I be concerned about ingredients like maltodextrin and maltitol that are found in some protein bars and drinks?

Learn more about maltitol and maltodextrin and their effects on blood glucose levels for people with type 2 diabetes.

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Which air purifiers are best for reducing the spread of COVID-19?

Find out if portable air cleaners can remove the virus that causes COVID-19 infection from the air and learn which type air cleaners work best.

Product Review

Water Filter Pitchers Review

See the Best Pitchers For Different Filtering Needs

CL Answer

Which vitamins and supplements should be stopped before getting blood work, laboratory tests, or medical imaging?

Find out which vitamins and supplements can interfere with blood, urine or stool tests, and imaginging tests, like bone scans and MRIs. Learn how B vitamins such as biotin, niacin and riboflavin, as well as calcium supplements, St. John’s wort, vitamin C, and others supplements can affect test results, as well as common foods that may interfere with tests.

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Do biotin supplements really improve hair and nails?

Does Biotin really work for hair and nails? Find out about strengthening and growth for hair and nails.

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I've read of dangers from taking calcium supplements -- such as the risk of developing arterial calcifications. I can't seem to find a multivitamin without calcium. Can you help me?

Find out how to avoid getting too much calcium from multivitamins and what dangers exist from taking calcium supplements.

CL Answer

When choosing a vitamin C supplement, should you look for one that is "reduced," "L" form (l-ascorbic acid), or "natural"?

Are supplements containing "natural" vitamin C, "reduced" vitamin C, or l-ascorbic acid better than regular vitamin c or ascorbic acid supplements? Find out if these forms are better absorbed or have other advantages, plus, learn about buffered and slow-release forms of vitamin C.

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Should olive oil be refrigerated?

Learn if you should store olive oil in the refrigerator to keep it fresher longer.

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Is it safe to take CoQ10 while taking blood thinners like warfarin or Plavix (clopidogrel)?

Learn more about the possible counteractive effects of CoQ10 and blood thinners, including safety.

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Are lozenges and sublingual pills considered dietary supplements?

Learn more about lozenges and sublingual pills (such as echinacea, zinc and B12) including safety warnings.

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Is it safe to take melatonin when taking prescription sedatives or sleep aids like lorazepam (Ativan) or zolpidem (Ambien)?

Safety information on taking melatonin while using prescription sedatives or sleep aids like lorazepam (Ativan) or zolpidem (Ambien).

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How does turmeric spice compare to curcumin (turmeric extract) in supplements? I sprinkle it on my foods and wonder if that's equivalent to taking a supplement.

What is the difference between turmeric spices used in the kitchen and turmeric supplements? Is sprinkling turmeric on my food equivalent to taking a turmeric supplement? ConsumerLab's answer explores this question.

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What is the best protein supplement for vegetarians and vegans?

Find out which protein supplements for vegetarians and vegans are best, including those made from whey, casein, soy, rice, pea, and hemp. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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How can I tell if my fish oil supplement is rancid (oxidized) or spoiled? And if it is spoiled, is it still safe to take?

Find out how to tell if your fish oil supplement is rancid (oxidized) or spoiled and how to store fish supplements to keep them fresh. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

Product Review

Protein Powders, Shakes, and Meal Replacements Review

Find Out Which Protein Products Passed or Failed Our Tests

CL Answer

Which "whole food" multivitamins don't include synthetic vitamins? How about Complete Foods, Sunwarrior, Garden of Life, Nature's Brands, and Doctors' Research?

Find out which "whole food" multivitamins are only from foods and which include synthetic vitamins, including Complete Foods Nutrition-OctoMega MultiVitamin; Sunwarrior; Garden of Life-MyKind Organics; Nature's Brands-PhytoVitamins; Doctors' Research MultiVitamin.

Product Review

Huperzine A Supplements Review

Choose the Best Huperzine A Supplement. CL Tests Reveal the Best Huperzine A Supplements for Memory.

Product Review

Joint Health Supplements Review (Glucosamine, Chondroitin, MSM, Boswellia, Collagen and Turmeric)

One-Third of Joint Health Supplements Failed to Pass Our Tests. See Which Passed or Failed, and our Top Picks.

CL Answer

Does taking one slow-release calcium tablet of 600 mg (such as Citracal) per day pose a risk for heart disease?

Does taking slow release calcium supplement (such as Citracal slow release) pose a risk for heart attack or kidney stones?

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Which supplements, foods or diet and lifestyle changes help relieve acid reflux (heartburn), and which worsen it?

Find out which supplements and foods can help relieve acid reflux, and which can make it worse.

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Are there supplements that can reduce prostate size?

How to reduce prostate size using supplements for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), including beta-sitosterol and saw palmetto.

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How do over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids compare to prescription hearing aids?

Non-prescription hearing aid reviews, including MD Hearing Aid, Eargo Hearing Aid, Liberty Hearing Aid, etc. Compare quality & cost with prescription hearing aids.

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I heard the S-form of alpha-lipoic acid is bad for me. Why is it in my supplement?

Learn more about R-form alpha-lipoic acid and S-form alpha-lipoic acid and their activity, as described by experts at ConsumerLab.com.

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Why aren't there children's multivitamins specifically for girls vs. boys?

Find out the best children's multivitamins for girls and boys, why there aren't different multivitamins for girls and boys, why teen girls and boys have different nutritional needs, especially when it comes to iron, and the best multivitamins for children, teen boys and girls, adults, adults over 50, prenatal vitamins and vitamins for pets.

CL Answer

What' the Best Way to Take Vitamin B-12? Dosage and Absorption Tips

Discover the optimal dosage and ways to take vitamin B-12, an essential nutrient, for better absorption and effectiveness and learn about possible side effects.

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What are CoQ10 side effects?

CoQ10 side effects, such as nausea, headache, and insomnia, and how you can reduce the occurrence of CoQ10 side effects. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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Does collagen taken as a supplement help with arthritis? I'm seeing it in products for joint health.

Learn more about collagen supplements, including evidence from clinical studies on arthritis and muscle strength and safety.

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I find labels on supplement bottles misleading. For example, an L-theanine label says 200 mg on the front but the back says each pill contains just 100 mg, but a serving is 2 capsules. Is this legal?

Learn more about misleading supplement labels and legality, including labels that say "formulation," "blend," or "complex."

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Is hyaluronic acid helpful for osteoarthritis?

Hyaluronic acid supplement information including joint pain, osteoarthritis, clinical evidence, dosage and more.

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I'm trying to pick a good multivitamin for my children and husband, and for myself. Any suggestions based on your research?

Find out how to pick the best multivitamin for you and your family, based on diet, price, and effectiveness.

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If I buy NAC as a loose powder in a large bag, as opposed to in tablet or capsule form, will it spoil? I've heard it can spoil or degrade into a harmful by-product.

Learn more about the different forms of N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC), including whether or not powder will spoil faster than tablets.

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There are many reports of lead contamination in turmeric spice. How can I make sure I'm not getting lead in my turmeric supplement or spice?

Find out how to avoid contaminated curcumin and turmeric supplements and spices, and see our Top Picks in our Curcumin/Turmeric Product Review.

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Have any supplements been shown to increase women's libido?

Learn more about supplements that may increase women's libido, including DHEA and maca.

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Help! How do I know how much magnesium I am actually getting from my supplement? The label says it contains 500 mg of magnesium "as magnesium citrate" -- but how much of that is magnesium and how much is citrate?

Understand the actual amount of magnesium dosage (or "elemental magnesium") you are getting from your supplement. ConsumerLab.com explains.

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What is the difference between the "Best By" date and the "Date of Manufacture" on a supplement label? How do I know how long my supplement will last before it "goes bad"?

To understand if your vitamins and supplements expire, learn more about the "Best By" and "Date of Manufacture" dates on labels.

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Is it okay to crush or break vitamin pills to lower the dose or mix into food?

Learn about the safety of crushing vitamin pills, tablets, capsules or enteric-coated tablets and ingesting the powder with food, as opposed to taking a whole pill.

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What are the health benefits of dark chocolate?

Information on the health benefits of dark chocolate, including how dark chocolate may improve heart health, decrease blood sugar levels and more. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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Is kratom too dangerous to use?

Find out if kratom is safe/legal to use, including potential adverse effects, such as agitation, rapid heartbeat, nausea, drowsiness, seizures, and possible drug interactions.

Product Review

Garcinia Cambogia (HCA) Supplements Review

Find the Best Garcinia Cambogia Supplement. Choose Carefully! Most Garcinia (HCA) Weight Loss Supplements Lack Listed Amount of Ingredient .

Product Review

D-Mannose Supplements

Find out if D-mannose helps prevent urinary tract infections and how products compare.

Product Review

Shelled Walnuts (Halves & Pieces)

See Our Top Picks for Walnuts

Product Review

Iron Supplements Review (Iron Pills, Liquids and Chews)

See Which Iron Supplements Are CL's Top Picks for Different Needs

Product Review

Joint Health Supplements for Pets Review (Glucosamine, Chondroitin, MSM & Boswellia)

See Which Pet Supplements for Joint Health Passed Our Tests and Which Didn't!

Product Review

Multivitamin and Multimineral Supplements Review

Best Multivitamins In 2023 -- Caution with Gummies

Product Review

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplements Review

Choose the Best Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplement — See the Amounts of Active "R-Isomer" We Found

Product Review

Potassium Supplements Review

Be Careful with Potassium Supplements! Problems Found. Tests and Reviews of Potassium Supplements & CL's Top Picks.

Product Review

Cranberry Juices and Supplements Review

CL's Tests Show Which Cranberry Juices and Supplements Are Best and Cost the Least

Product Review

Reishi Mushroom Supplements Review

Find the Best Reishi Mushroom Supplement. See How Reishi Supplements Differ.

Product Review

Nutrition Bars & Cookies Review (For Energy, Fiber, Protein, Meal Replacement, and Whole Foods)

Find the Best Nutrition Bar or Cookie. ConsumerLab Tests Reveals Not All Nutrition Bars and Cookies Contain What They Claim.

CL Answer

Which supplements can help to lower blood pressure?

Supplements to lower blood pressure, including CoQ10, vitamin C, fish oil, and olive oil, are all explored to find out what works.

CL Answer

What is the best way to take melatonin to get a good night's sleep?

Learn more about the best way to take melatonin for better sleep. When to take it, how to take it, and general melatonin information.

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Do any supplements help prevent or treat a cold?

Are there supplements that can help prevent or treat cold symptoms? Learn more about zinc, probiotics, vitamin C and more.

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Is it better to use a powdered product that you mix with liquid than to take a pill? I was told that the vitamins will be more completely absorbed. Is that true?

Learn more about taking supplements & multivitamins in powder or tablet form, including tips on how to get the most from your supplement.

CL Answer

I recently read that turmeric is only effective if it is combined with black pepper. Is this true?

Find out the best way to take turmeric and curcumin supplements to increase absorption and bioavailability. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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Are the "% DV" numbers on vitamin supplement labels really based on what I need?

Learn more about percent daily values, including if they are good standards of measure or if better upper and lower limits exist.

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Do any supplements improve balance or reduce the risk of falls?

Find out which vitamins & supplements may improve your balance to help reduce the risk of falling, including vitamin D and protein.

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How do I choose the best magnesium supplement?

Choosing the best form of magnesium supplements can be tricky due to the many different types (magnesium aspartate, bicarbonate, carbonate, chloride, citrate and others).

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Do Sugar Bear Hair Vitamins make hair shine, nails stronger, and help both to grow? They taste good but are super expensive.

Info on Sugar Bear Hair vitamins. Do they make hair shine, nails stronger and help hair and nails grow? ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

CL Answer

Can I trust lab reports and Certificates of Analysis provided by supplement manufacturers?

Lab reports and Certificates of Analysis are provided by supplement manufacturers, but sometimes include incorrect testing and "dry labbing". ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

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Are there side effects from collagen supplements?

Find out if there are collagen side effects from supplements (collagen hydrolysate, collagen peptides, etc.) such as nausea, constipation, skin rash and others. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

CL Answer

What face shield is best to protect from COVID-19 and when should I wear one?

Review of face shields and information about face shields to help protect against coronavirus (COVID-19). If properly made and worn, face shields provide extra protection for close interactions with individual who may be infected.

CL Answer

Are there supplements I should take, or take differently, when intermittent fasting?

Supplements that may help when intermittent fasting. Information about whey protein, CoQ10, magnesium and others, plus coffee, fiber and more.

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Can apple cider vinegar really lower blood sugar or help me lose weight?

Find out if apple cider vinegar can lower blood sugar and help with weight loss, and learn about its safety and side effects. ConsumerLab’s answer explains.

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Is Folic Acid the Same Thing as Folate?

There are important differences between folic acid and folate, including how well these forms of vitamin B-9 are absorbed, dosage, and how much is too much. Get the details, including what to look for on supplement labels, in our article about folic acid and folate.

CL Answer

Is it safer to get calcium from foods than from supplements? How about from calcium-fortified orange juice and non-dairy milks?

Information on getting calcium naturally through food like calcium-fortified orange juice or through calcium supplements.

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Can probiotics reduce anxiety?

Find out if probiotics can reduce anxiety.

CL Answer

Are intravenous (IV) vitamin infusions safe and effective?

Intravenous (IV) vitamin infusions are touted by celebrities and promoted by wellness clinics for numerous conditions. Find out if they work and if they are safe.

CL Answer

Do any supplements help with COVID-19? Do supplements like vitamin D, zinc, vitamin C, or herbals work?

Find out if natural remedies & supplements for coronavirus such as zinc, vitamin C, garlic, or elderberry help to prevent or treat COVID-19.

CL Answer

Do any supplements, foods, or oils help reduce muscle pain, muscle cramps, or nighttime leg cramps?

Find out which supplements, and topical products such as magnesium creams, can help reduce muscle pain, leg cramps, and nighttime leg cramps, and which may worsen muscle cramps. Also, learn about vitamin and mineral deficiencies and common medications that can cause muscle cramps and nocturnal leg cramps.

CL Answer

Are there vitamins or supplements that can reduce my risk of breast cancer? Do any increase cancer risk?

Find out if certain vitamins, supplements and foods such as fish oil, olive oil, vitamin C and others, can help reduce the risk of breast cancer. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

CL Answer

Can prenatal vitamins have too much folic acid? Mine has 800 mcg, but isn't that more than what's recommended? Is this dangerous to me or my baby?

Is it possible for prenatal vitamins to have too much folic acid? Find out the correct dosage so that it is not dangerous to babies.

CL Answer

Do any supplements, foods or lifestyle modifications help with brain function, like memory and cognition?

Find out which supplements help improve memory, brain function and cognition, including fish oil, some B vitamins, cocoa, and curcumin. ConsumerLab's answer explains the evidence for supplements promoted to help with brain function and cognition.

CL Answer

Do any supplements or lifestyle changes reduce the symptoms of tinnitus? Is it true that some supplements can cause tinnitus?

Learn which supplements can ease tinnitus, including melatonin and pine bark extract. Understand which may actually cause tinnitus.

CL Answer

A blood test showed my vitamin D level is low. How do I know how much vitamin D to take?

Find out how to increase vitamin D blood levels, including a good target range.

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COVID-19 Vaccines for 2023-2024: What You Should Know

Learn how the updated COVID-19 vaccines for 2023-2024 (Moderna, Novavax, and Pfizer-BioNTech) differ from each other, who should get them, what the recommended dosing schedules are, and possible side effects.

CL Answer

Supplements That May Be Needed When Following a Gluten-Free Diet

Find out if supplements such as folate, vitamin B-12, niacin, thiamin, iron, vitamin D, and/or fiber are needed when following a gluten-free diet. Also learn how to find gluten-free supplements on ConsumerLab.com.

CL Answer

Is it better to eat farmed salmon or wild salmon? Which one has more omega-3s and less contamination with PCBs, mercury, etc.?

Learn more about wild caught vs. farm raised salmon, including omega-3 content and contamination with PCBs, mercury, and other toxins.

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Which supplements are important after bariatric surgery (i.e., weight loss or stomach-reducing surgery)? Are there any I should avoid?

Find out which supplements may help after weight loss or stomach reducing surgery, including iron and calcium, and which should be avoided.

CL Answer

Can biotin supplements really strengthen nails or improve hair? Can other supplements help?

Learn more about strengthening brittle nails with vitamin B-7 (biotin), based on clinical evidence.

CL Answer

Do water filters remove microplastics from tap water?

Find out if water filter pitchers and faucet mounted filters from Brita, Pur, Lifestraw and other brands remove microplastics from tap water.

CL Answer

Do any supplements naturally suppress appetite and help with weight loss?

Learn which natural ingredients can suppress appetite and find if these natural appetite suppressants help with weight loss.

CL Answer

Are light boxes effective for preventing and treating seasonal affective disorder (SAD), also known as "winter depression," or circadian rhythm disorders such as jet lag? Which light boxes are best?

Learn about the benefits and safety of light boxes (including who is most likely to benefit), how to use these devices, which commercially available products appear to meet the technical requirements, and who should not use light boxes.

CL Answer

Which is the best pulse oximeter for home use?

Best pulse oximeter for home use (COVID-19, asthma and COPD). Differences between home use and FDA-approved medical pulse oximeters.

CL Answer

Can raspberry ketone help me lose weight?

Information on raspberry ketone and whether there is evidence it can help with weight loss.

CL Answer

What is fermented cod liver oil, such as Blue Ice? Is it better than regular cod liver oil?

Fermented cod liver oil information including if Rosita & Blue Ice (Green Pastures) is as good a source of vitamins and DHA as regular.

CL Answer

Do any supplements help prevent or improve cataracts?

Find out which supplements may help with cataracts, including selenium and vitamins A, B1, B3, C, and E.

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I've read that the best form of vitamin E is d-alpha tocopheryl succinate (it's recommended in the paleo diet, for example), but I don't see that listed on product labels. How can I find it?

Learn more about the different names and types of vitamin E, including d-alpha tocopheryl succinate, natural and synthetic.

CL Answer

Which supplements can help me sleep and which cause insomnia?

Find out which supplements may improve sleep, including melatonin, L-tryptophan, and magnesium, and which may make sleeping more difficult.

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What is berberine? Can it really lower blood sugar? Are there any cautions? Which supplements are best?

What is berberine and can it really lower blood sugar for someone with type 2 diabetes? Find out more information about berberine.

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Where to Safely Buy Real Water Filters Online, Not Fakes or Counterfeits

ConsumerLab explains how to avoid counterfeit water filters when shopping online on Amazon, Walmart.com, and other sites. Learn to identify authorized sites and sellers and avoid fake filters. Use the brand-by-brand guide to protect yourself from risk.

CL Answer

Do arnica pills really work to prevent bruising?

Find out if arnica tablets really work to prevent bruising, information about homeopathic products and more. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

CL Answer

Are fruit and vegetable “washes” more effective than water for cleaning produce and removing pesticides? Are they safe?

Fruit and veggie washes was such as Fit Organic Spray are often promoted for cleaning, reducing bacteria that can cause food poisoning, and removing pesticides from produce. Vinegar and baking soda are sometimes also recommended. But are they any more effective than rinsing with water, and are they safe? Find out.

CL Answer

Which ingredients should toothpastes and other dental products contain, and which should be avoided?

Learn about ingredients you want in your toothpaste, mouthwash and other dental products and which ingredients you may want to avoid.

CL Answer

How do I find the best quality olive oil and what are the health benefits?

Health Benefits of olive oil, including heart benefits, anti-inflammatory effects. Plus, how to choose a quality olive oil and cook with olive oil

CL Answer

Do any supplements or diets help prevent or treat osteoporosis?

If you have osteoporosis, you may be interested in supplements or diets for bone health. Find out which can increase bone strength and density.

CL Answer

Can D-mannose help prevent urinary tract infections?

Learn more about D-mannose and its impact on urinary tract infections (UTIs), including evidence from clinical studies.

CL Answer

Can taking too much vitamin B-12 be dangerous? The label on my B-complex states it contains 50,000% of the Daily Value!

Find out the daily value for vitamin B-12 and the potential side effects of taking too much B-12. ConsumerLab explains why taking too much vitamin B-12 can be harmful.

CL Answer

I take omeprazole (Prilosec), a proton pump inhibitor, to reduce stomach acid. Are there supplements I should avoid, or be taking, due to this drug?

Supplement interactions with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs like omeprazole (Prilosec) and Nexium.

CL Answer

My doctor told me to stop taking supplements because my kidney function was low. After stopping, my kidney function returned to normal. Can taking a lot of supplements really damage the kidneys?

Find out which supplements may damage your kidneys. ConsumerLab explores possible kidney side effects of supplements including chromium, creatine, and vitamin C.

News Release

November 24, 2020

Best Zinc for Colds, Immunity, and More. ConsumerLab Selects Top Picks Among Zinc Liquids, Pills and Lozenges

White Plains, New York, November 24, 2020 — The right zinc can shorten a cold and many people are deficient in zinc. So which zinc supplements and lozenges provide the right dose and form of zinc, the best quality, and at a reasonable price?

CL Answer

Is ingesting colloidal silver helpful for any condition and is it safe to use?

Find out if there is evidence showing colloidal silver can help to treat infections, boost the immune system, help with arthritis and more, plus find out if colloidal silver can cause blue skin or other side effects.

CL Answer

Does yacon syrup decrease appetite or help with weight loss? How do I find a quality brand?

Can yacon syrup can help with weight loss? Learn more, including clinical evidence, side effects, and dosage.

CL Answer

Why does my multivitamin make me nauseous? Is there anything that can help?

Find out if ingredients in multivitamins can cause nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort.

CL Answer

I'm worried that I'm not getting enough potassium, but potassium supplements only provide a small dose -- much less than the daily requirement. Why is this, and how can increase my daily intake?

Find out why many potassium supplements contain small doses of potassium and how to get adequate potassium from food and supplements.

CL Answer

Tablets I purchased are becoming "crumbly" after a few weeks and are easy to break. Is there a problem with this supplement?

Should you be concerned if your supplement tablets have started to crumble? Learn more including the best way to keep pills from getting soft.

CL Answer

Which supplements and lifestyle changes improve sleep, and which cause insomnia?

Find out which vitamins may help you sleep and learn if any vitamins or supplements can cause insomnia.

CL Answer

Do UV light sanitizing wands and boxes kill coronavirus (COVID-19)?

UV light is promoted as an effective and convenient alternative to chemical disinfectants, but can it work against the coronavirus? Learn the the pros and cons and see our reviews and comparisons of popular UV devices on the market.

CL Answer

Is Ester-C the best form of vitamin C?

Info on Ester-C Vitamin C, including which form of vitamin C is best, fully-reduced, liposomal and others based on absorption and side effects. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

CL Answer

Which supplements and foods reduce or increase the risk of kidney stones?

Find out which supplements, foods and beverages may increase or decrease the risk of kidney stones, including information about potassium, calcium, choline, turmeric and curcumin, vitamin C, as well as foods and beverages such as green tea, lemon juice, orange juice, cranberry juice, chocolate and almonds.

News Release

March 15, 2017

ConsumerLab.com Reveals Best and Worst Vitamin C Supplements -- 20% Fail ConsumerLab.com Tests of Quality

White Plains, New York, March 15, 2017 — Many people take large doses of vitamin C believing it will improve their health, prevent colds or reduce the risk of disease — but will it really? And when choosing a vitamin C supplement, can consumers be sure it contains what it claims? To ...

CL Answer

Does red and near infrared light therapy reduce pain, improve skin or cognition, or have other benefits? Is it safe?

Red light and near infrared light therapy devices are promoted for numerous conditions, including acne, fibromyalgia, pain, cognitive function and other uses. Find out if these devices work and if they are safe.

CL Answer

I've heard it's best to take fat-soluble supplements, like CoQ10, curcumin, and vitamin D, with fats or oils to increase absorption. Would taking them with a fish oil capsule be enough?

Find out how best to take fat-soluble supplements including CoQ10, curcumin, and vitamins A, D, E, and K, to maximize their absorption.

CL Answer

I have milk allergy and can't eat dairy. What's the best way for me to get calcium?

Find out the best way to get your recommended daily intake of calcium if you have a milk allergy.

CL Answer

Is it important to take calcium and magnesium together?

Should you be taking calcium and magnesium together? Find out how to ensure optimal absorption of both calcium and magnesium by following these guidelines.

CL Answer

5 Tips for Finding a Soap or Body Wash That Won't Irritate Skin

Get 5 tips for finding soap or body wash that won't cause skin irritation. See which soaps we rate best, ingredients to avoid, and phrases on labels that can mislead.

CL Answer

Does Arthrozene help with joint pain, and is it safe?

Arthrozene by Fisico is promoted for joint stiffness, soreness and discomfort. Find out if it is likely to help and if it is worth the cost.

CL Answer

PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances): How can I avoid PFAS in dental floss, food, water, and other products?

Some brands of dental floss, including Oral-B Glide, may contain potentially toxic chemicals known as PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances). Get the details, and learn which floss and pick products are our Top Picks.

CL Answer

Does tea tree oil work for getting rid of athlete's foot?

Learn more about tea tree oil and its effects on foot fungus (known as athlete’s foot, tinea pedis, or “ringworm” due to the lesion that can occur) and how it can be as effective as some, but not all, over-the-counter antifungal treatments. ConsumerLab explains.

CL Answer

Will sprinkling black pepper on food with turmeric help increase the bioavailability of curcumin in the turmeric?

Find out how black pepper extract (piperine, Bioperine) in supplements compares with regular black pepper added to foods with turmeric. Plus, safety, side effects and drug interactions with black pepper extract.

CL Answer

Is drinking coffee good or bad for heart health?

Learn more about coffee and caffeine, its safety, if it's good for you, how much coffee is too much and its impact on your heart.

CL Answer

Can psyllium help control hunger and appetite?

Learn more about psyllium (found in Metamucil), including effects on appetite and hunger control, results from clinical studies and safety.

CL Answer

If I already take red yeast rice, would adding high-dose niacin help further reduce my cholesterol levels, and would this be safe?

Learn more about the effect of combining red yeast, statins and high-dose niacin on cholesterol and safety.

CL Answer

Will pregnenolone help slow down aging or reduce chronic pain?

Learn more about the steroid hormone pregnenolone, including its effects in the body and on aging and chronic pain.

CL Answer

Can heat and humidity destroy whey protein and other sports nutrition supplements (e.g., creatine, BCAAs, digestive enzymes) during shipping or while storing at home?

Find out if heat and humidity can degrade creatine, BCAAs, digestive enzymes, and other muscle enhancing supplements.

Recalls & Warnings

March 22, 2023

Of Concern: The Daily Post and Hiya

White Plains, New York, March 22, 2023 — An "advertorial" for Hiya Kids Daily Multivitamin appearing on the website "The Daily Post" provided misinformation and suggested that ConsumerLab.com recommended this product, which is completely false.

News Release

September 26, 2016

60% of St. John's Wort Supplements Fail ConsumerLab.com Tests of Quality

White Plains, New York, September 26, 2016 — St. John's wort extracts can be as effective as standard antidepressant drugs for treating mild to moderate major depression, with significantly fewer side effects. However, recent ConsumerLab.com tests revealed that six of ten St.

News Release

March 22, 2016

Rhodiola: Does It Help With Depression and Anxiety and Which Brands Are Best? -- ConsumerLab.com Reviews the Evidence and Tests the Quality of Popular R. Rosea Supplements --

White Plains, New York, March 22, 2016 — Rhodiola (R. rosea) supplements are promoted to treat depression, anxiety, and fatigue — but do they really work? And do products on the market contain the right species, amounts, and appropriate doses of R.

News Release

May 28, 2015

ConsumerLab.com Shows How to Choose the Right Melatonin Supplement for Sleep

White Plains, New York, May 28, 2015 — An estimated 60 million Americans experience insomnia each year, according to the National Institutes of Health, and they increasingly turn to the supplement melatonin for potential help. In fact, U.S. sales of melatonin increased 16.

News Release

May 05, 2015

ConsumerLab.com's Tests of Digestive Enzyme Supplements Reveal What Labels Don't

White Plains, New York, May 5, 2015 — How do you know if your digestive enzyme supplement is truly active? The only way to know for sure is to test it on fats, carbohydrates, proteins and other parts of food which it is expected to digest. That's exactly what ConsumerLab.

News Release

August 05, 2014

ConsumerLab.com Finds Popular Cocoa Powders Contaminated; High Concentrations of Cadmium Raise Concern

White Plains, New York, August 5, 2014 — Following up on its discovery in May of high levels of the toxic metal cadmium in several cocoa-based products, ConsumerLab.com recently tested additional, popular cocoa products sold in the U.S. to assess the extent of the problem.

News Release

April 09, 2014

Best Fish Oil? ConsumerLab.com Testing Finds Many High Quality Supplements, But Pitfalls Exist

White Plains, New York, August 10, 2014 — Recent laboratory tests of fish oil, krill oil, algal oil, calamari oil, and green-lipped mussel oil supplements by ConsumerLab.com revealed quality problems with four out of 30 supplements selected for review.

Recalls & Warnings

May 01, 2024

Organic Walnuts Recalled Due to E. Coli Risk

On April 30, 2024, Gibson Farms recalled two lots of Organic Light Halves and Pieces shelled walnuts due to potential contamination with E. coli (Escherichia coli).

News Release

January 29, 2014

You May Be Getting More Vitamin C Than You Think from Some Supplements, Cautions ConsumerLab.com -- 27% of Vitamin C Supplements Don't Meet Label Claims in Recent Tests --

White Plains, New York, January 29, 2014 — It's cold and flu season, which means many people are reaching for vitamin C, as it may modestly reduce cold symptoms (although it won't prevent a cold).

News Release

December 16, 2013

What's Really in Turmeric Supplements and Spices? You May Not Want to Know -- 33% of Turmeric/Curcumin Supplements Fail ConsumerLab.com's Review; Filth Found in Spices

White Plains, New York, December 16, 2013 — Supplements containing the herb turmeric or its key constituent, curcumin, are popular treatments for inflammatory diseases. ConsumerLab.

News Release

November 25, 2013

Many Probiotic Supplements Fall Short on Listed Amounts of Helpful Organisms

White Plains, New York, November 25, 2013 — Probiotic supplements and foods containing "friendly" bacteria or yeast have become popular among people hoping to improve bowel function, immunity, and even mood.

News Release

October 08, 2013

ConsumerLab.com Reports Problems and “Top Picks” Among Bars for Energy, Fiber, Protein, Meal-Replacement, and Whole Food

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — October 8, 2013 — Which nutrition bars provide the best combination of nutrition and taste, and are accurately labeled? ConsumerLab.com recently set out to answer this question by purchasing popular bars in the U.S.

News Release

August 21, 2013

Labels on Potassium Supplements May Confuse, But Product Quality is High According to ConsumerLab.com

White Plains, New York August 21, 2013 — How much potassium would you expect from a supplement called "Potassium Gluconate 595 mg"? The correct answer is just 99 mg, as ConsumerLab.com explains in its new Potassium Supplements Review, published online today.

News Release

May 21, 2013

Green Teas Vary in Strength and Amount of Lead Contamination, According to ConsumerLab.com

White Plains, New York, May 21, 2013 — If you drink green tea for your health, be aware that the catechin and caffeine levels can vary by more than 240% across products. Some also contain significant amounts of lead in their tea leaves. This is according to recent tests by ConsumerLab.

News Release

February 11, 2013

ConsumerLab.com Reports Problems with Some Vitamin D and Calcium Supplements -- Wrong Amounts of Vitamin D, Pills Which Don’t Break Apart, and Lead Contamination Found

White Plains, New York, February 11, 2012 — Vitamin D and calcium are among the most popular supplement ingredients in the U.S., but recent tests by ConsumerLab.com show problems with 4 out of 25 products which contain these ingredients.

News Release

June 16, 2011

ConsumerLab.com puts multivitamins to the test

June 16, 2011, New York, NY — Laboratory test results of 60 multivitamins have shown that you can't always judge a supplement by its label—or by its price. "Consumers should know that multivitamins vary widely in quality, "says Tod Cooperman, M.D., President of ConsumerLab.com.

News Release

March 30, 2011

ConsumerLab.com finds 100-fold variation in cost of iron supplements

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — MARCH 28, 2011 — ConsumerLab.com announced today that the cost to get an equivalent dose of iron from supplements varies by more than 100-fold. A 25 mg dose of iron can cost as little as two cents or over two dollars, depending on the product.

News Release

February 16, 2011

Some turmeric and curcumin supplements fail quality review -- ConsumerLab.com finds 20% of turmeric supplements selected for review deliver less than 15% of promised compounds

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — FEBRUARY 16, 2011 — Supplements containing the herb turmeric or its key compound, curcumin, have become popular in the U.S. ConsumerLab.com cautioned today that two out of ten turmeric products recently selected for quality testing were found to provide only 7.

News Release

January 20, 2010

ConsumerLab.com finds quality of most CLA supplements for slimming to be high; One brand mislabeled -- Report is first published in series on supplements for weight loss and slimming

ConsumerLab.com Finds Quality of Most CLA Supplements for Slimming to be High; One Brand Mislabeled

News Release

August 12, 2008

ConsumerLab.com finds improvements in labeling of nutrition bars but potential pitfalls exist -- New report compares 20 bars, including those for protein, fiber, energy and whole food

WHITE PLAINS, NY — August 12, 2008 — Labeling on nutrition bars has become more accurate, according to a new report by ConsumerLab.com.

News Release

April 26, 2006

ConsumerLab.com tests cancer-prevention supplements; several contaminated with lead or low in ingredient — Report available for green tea, selenium, and lycopene supplements

WESTCHESTER COUNTY, NEW YORK — APRIL 26, 2006 ConsumerLab.com announced results today from its new Product Review of Supplements for Cancer Prevention covering 22 products. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the U.S.

News Release

February 08, 2005

ConsumerLab.com reports on nutrition bars — Highlights major differences, inaccuracies, and urges consumers to "know your bar"

WHITE PLAINS, NY — February 8, 2005 — ConsumerLab.com reported test results today for 34 nutrition bars, including those designed for high protein, low-carb/diet, energy, or meal-replacement.

News Release

April 27, 2004

New ConsumerLab.com report on St. John's wort highlights benefits and risks of herbal product for depression

NEW CONSUMERLAB.COM REPORT ON ST.

News Release

July 31, 2003

ConsumerLab.com finds many cholesterol-lowering supplements poorly made — Test results published online today

WHITE PLAINS, NY — July 31, 2003 — ConsumerLab.com reported today that more than half of the cholesterol-lowering supplements that it recently purchased failed to contain their listed ingredients and/or could not adequately break apart to release their contents.

News Release

October 29, 2002

Enormous variation found in strength of garlic supplements — most popular herb in U.S. — ConsumerLab.com releases results online today

WHITE PLAINS, NY — October 29, 2002 — ConsumerLab.com's Product Review of Garlic Supplements found strength to vary by as much as 1500% across products. Strength was based on each product's ability to generate allicin, a chemical associated with the efficacy of non-aged garlic.

News Release

March 05, 2002

ConsumerLab.com finds nutrition powders & drinks more accurately labeled than nutrition bars, but unapproved food ingredient seen in some

White Plains, NY -- March 5, 2002 — ConsumerLab.com announced today that 24 of 26 nutrition powders and drinks that it recently evaluated met their label claims for carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. This is in stark contrast to ConsumerLab.

News Release

August 15, 2001

Problems and ambiguity among alternative estrogen products reported by ConsumerLab.com — Results of soy and red clover isoflavone product testing released online today

WHITE PLAINS, NY — August 15, 2001 — ConsumerLab.com, an independent evaluator of dietary supplements and nutrition products, today released results of its Phytoestrogen Product Review. The review focused on dietary supplements made from soy and red clover isoflavones.

Recalls & Warnings

August 18, 2020

Seller of Immune Shot Criminally Charged With Making Coronavirus Claims

On August 10, 2020, prosecutors in Georgia charged Matthew Ryncarz and his company Fusion Health and Vitality, LLC d/b/a/ Pharm Origins with selling the misbranded product Immune Shot.

Recalls & Warnings

January 24, 2013

"Thermo Stimulating" Supplement Recalled -- Contained DMAA

On January 23, 2013, Health Canada advised consumers not to use certain batches of Muscletech Hydroxystim capsules which were found to contain DMAA (1,3-dimethylamylamine) and have been recalled by their distributor.

Recalls & Warnings

February 17, 2010

FTC Warns of Deceptive Claims with Children's Omega-3 Supplements

On February 17, 2010, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced that it had sent letters to 11 companies that promote various omega-3 fatty acid supplements, telling them they should review their product packaging and labeling to make sure they do not violate federal law by making baseless ...

Recalls & Warnings

March 19, 2009

QVC Settles Charges of False Claims for Supplements

On March 19, 2009, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced that QVC, Inc., a TV home shopping channel and one of the world’s largest multimedia retailers, has agreed to pay $7.

Recalls & Warnings

May 14, 2016

Xylitol in Supplements Poses Danger for Dogs

On May 12, 2016, the FDA warned consumers that xylitol, a popular sweetener found in chewable vitamins, chewing gum, breath mints, toothpaste and a variety of other products, is toxic to dogs.

Recalls & Warnings

February 03, 2016

Seller of Weight and Enhancement Supplements Warned For Drug Claims

On December 11, 2015, the FDA issued a warning letter to The One Minute Miracle, Inc., following a review of the company's website which found statements made about   Miracle Diet 30 and Miracle Rock 48 to be drug claims.

Recalls & Warnings

December 08, 2015

Non-Decolorized Aloe, Goldenseal Root Added to Prop 65 List of Cancer-Causing Chemicals

On December 4, 2015, California's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) added non-decolorized whole leaf extract of aloe vera and goldenseal root powder to the state's list of chemicals known to cause cancer - part of the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement ...

Recalls & Warnings

October 05, 2012

Illegal Claims on Weight Loss, Immune System Dietary Supplements, and Few Backed by Clinical Data

On October 3, 2012, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services issued a report warning that dozens of weight loss and immune system supplements have illegal claims of curing or treating disease on their labels and/or lack the scientific evidence to support such label claims.

Recalls & Warnings

September 17, 2003

FDA Warns of Illness from Star Anise Teas

On September 10, 2003, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advised consumers not to consume "teas" brewed from star anise.

Recalls & Warnings

January 11, 2002

Canada Requests Recall of Certain Ephedra/Ephedrine Products

OTTAWA - January 10, 2002 - Health Canada is requesting a recall from the market of certain products containing Ephedra/ephedrine after a risk assessment concluded that these products pose a serious risk to health.

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