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CL Answer

How do the COVID-19 vaccines compare in terms of efficacy, safety and side effects? How, when and where do I get the COVID-19 vaccine?

Find out how the COVID-19 vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna compare and learn how when and where you can get the COVID-19 vaccine.

Older woman getting an injection

CL Answer

COVID-19 Vaccines for 2023-2024: What You Should Know

Learn how the updated COVID-19 vaccines for 2023-2024 (Moderna, Novavax, and Pfizer-BioNTech) differ from each other, who should get them, what the recommended dosing schedules are, and possible side effects.

Older man in gray t-shirt getting vaccinated for COVID-19

Clinical Update

11/26/2021

Pfizer Vaccine & Adolescents

Find out how effective the Pfizer vaccine is at preventing hospitalization for adolescents.

Clinical Update

8/28/2021

Comirnaty vs. Pfizer

Is the recently FDA-approved Pfizer vaccine (called Comirnaty) different from the previously authorized Pfizer vaccine?

Clinical Update

9/25/2021

Who Should Get the Pfizer Booster?

Find out who should get a Pfizer booster, according to the CDC.

Clinical Update

9/14/2021

Vaccines Compared: Pfizer, Moderna, or J&J

See which vaccine (Pfizer, Moderna, or J&J) now appears to provide greatest protection against COVID-19-related hospitalization.

Clinical Update

8/14/2021

Pfizer Vs. Moderna Against Delta Variant

See how Pfizer compared to Moderna against the Delta variant in the latest study.

Clinical Update

8/24/2021

Pfizer Vaccine Approved

Learn about approval of the Pfizer vaccine and find out how approval differs from authorization, who it is approved for, and whether doctors should prescribe it for unapproved uses.

Clinical Update

12/03/2021

Efficacy of Pfizer Booster

See how well the Pfizer booster protected against infection and hospitalization compared to getting just two doses in a recent study.

Clinical Update

12/10/2021

Pfizer vs. Omicron

Find out how effective the Pfizer vaccine appears to be against the Omicron variant as compared to the original strain, according to a recent study.

Clinical Update

10/29/2021

Switching from Pfizer to Moderna

Find out if switching from Pfizer to Moderna or vice versa boosts antibody levels more than sticking with one brand.

Clinical Update

11/05/2021

Pfizer Booster Efficacy in People Over 60

Find out how much of a boost people over age 60 got from a Pfizer booster in a recent study.

Clinical Update

10/16/2021

Pfizer Vaccine Boosters

As previously reported, boosters are recommended and available for some people who received the 2-dose Pfizer vaccine series at least six months ago.

Clinical Update

10/19/2021

Pfizer Boosters for 40+?

Learn why the FDA may authorize Pfizer boosters for people as young as 40.

CL Answer

Flu Vaccines: How do different flu vaccines compare and which is best for older people?

Learn how flu vaccines differ and find out which may be most suitable for older people, as well as those with egg allergy.

Vial of flu vaccine in front of a syringe and another vial

Clinical Update

10/05/2021

Pfizer Efficacy Among Adolescents

How effective is the Pfizer vaccine against Delta variant infections among adolescents 12 to 15? See what a recent study found.

Clinical Update

10/09/2021

Moderna vs. Pfizer: When to Choose One Over the Other

Two very different medical reports this week seem to indicate important, although subtle, differences between these two mRNA vaccines. Namely, that the Moderna vaccine has somewhat greater efficacy but, not unexpectedly, at somewhat greater risk of myocarditis in younger people. This seems to suggest that, if given a choice, Moderna may be better for older people while Pfizer may be safer for younger people.

Clinical Update

11/02/2021

Pfizer COVID Vaccine for Children

The Pfizer vaccine is now authorized for use in children ages 5 to 11. Get the details about its effectiveness as well as side effects and safety in children. Also, find out why availability of the vaccine may initially be limited.

Clinical Update

8/10/2021

Pfizer vs. Moderna for Breakthrough Delta Infections

A recent study suggests that Pfizer and Moderna are not equal in protecting against Delta infection. See the details in our article about COVID Vaccines.

Clinical Update

9/18/2021

Pfizer Boosters for Some

Late last week, an FDA panel recommended Pfizer boosters, but only for certain individuals. Find out who's recommended to get a booster and what this means for those who were vaccinated with Moderna or J&J vaccines.

Clinical Update

9/11/2021

Vaccine Boosters

Booster doses for the Pfizer vaccine are to begin the week of September 20, 2021. Learn how to find a site to get a booster shot once they are offered. Also, if you received the Moderna vaccine, find out if you should get a Pfizer booster instead.

Clinical Update

5/20/2022

Pfizer Booster for Children

A Pfizer vaccine booster for children is now authorized by the FDA. Get the details in our updated article about COVID-19 Vaccines.

Product Review

Hoodia (Hoodia gordonii) Supplements Review Article

Hoodia Supplements for Weight Loss. Will Hoodia help you lose weight? Make sure you know the facts.

Clinical Update

10/22/2021

Huge Boost from Booster Vaccines

New data showed a huge reduction in symptomatic COVID cases with the Pfizer booster Get the details.

Clinical Update

10/12/2021

Booster Side Effect

Find out which side effect is much more common after a vaccine booster than after the first or second doses of the Pfizer vaccine.

Clinical Update

11/09/2021

How Much Does Vaccine Protection Decrease?

See how much vaccine protection decreased over 6 to 8 months for the Pfizer, Moderna, and J&J vaccines.

Clinical Update

12/24/2021

Omicron and Hospitalization

Find out how rates of hospitalization with Omicron compare to that of the Delta variant – including a look at those who have been vaccinated with Pfizer or Moderna.

Clinical Update

9/21/2021

Declining Vaccine Protection

New research suggests declining protection over 4 months with just one of the mRNA vaccines. See how Pfizer and Moderna compared.

Clinical Update

9/25/2021

Booster Side Effects

See how the side effects of a Pfizer booster dose compare to those of the second shot and who is mostly likely to experience side effects.

Clinical Update

9/02/2021

Who Will Be Offered Boosters?

See the latest information about who will be offered booster shots for the Pfizer, Moderna, and J&J vaccines.

Clinical Update

9/03/2021

Who Will Be Offered Boosters?

See the latest information about who will be offered booster shots for the Pfizer, Moderna, and J&J vaccines.

Clinical Update

1/28/2022

Myocarditis After Vaccination

A new study provided more data about the risk of myocarditis after vaccination with the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines.

Clinical Update

2/18/2022

Myocarditis After COVID Boosters

Myocarditis appears to be much less common with boosters than with 2nd doses of Pfizer or Moderna vaccines according to new data.

Clinical Update

2/15/2022

Boosters for Immunocompromised Individuals

For immunocompromised people: See new guidance on when to get a booster (i.e., 4th dose) if you received the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines or if you initially received the J&J vaccine.

Clinical Update

2/25/2022

Delaying Second Vaccine Shots

Some people may now consider delaying the second shot of Pfizer or Moderna until 8 weeks after their first shot. But not everyone should wait to get the second shot. Get the details.

Clinical Update

3/22/2022

COVID Vaccine: Will There Be a Second Booster?

The FDA has received requests from Pfizer and Moderna for a 2nd booster. Find out who might be eligible for a 2nd booster and when.

Clinical Update

3/31/2022

Questions About Second Booster

Now that a second booster is available for those 50 and over, see our answers to these important questions:

Should you get a second booster now or should you wait?

Should you choose Pfizer or Moderna for the second booster?

Clinical Update

9/02/2022

Omicron-Targeting Boosters

The FDA has now authorized updated Pfizer and Moderna boosters. Find out who is eligible to get these shots and when, and learn who can still get the original boosters, in our updated CL Answer about COVID-19 vaccines.

Clinical Update

11/29/2022

When New Boosters Are Most Helpful

The updated Pfizer and Moderna boosters appear to help protect against symptomatic COVID-19, particularly among people who haven’t had a COVID-19 shot in several months, according to a recent study. Get the details in the Updated COVID-19 Boosters section of our CL Answer about COVID-19 vaccines.

Clinical Update

10/02/2021

Vaccine-Related Myocarditis in Young Men

See whether Moderna or Pfizer has been linked to a greater risk of myocarditis among young men. (Note: The risk of myocarditis remains much higher from getting COVID than from either vaccine.)

Clinical Update

8/14/2021

Who's Mostly Likely to Develop Myocarditis After Vaccination

Find out which group of people (it's not adolescents) are most likely to develop myocarditis after the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines and how the risk compares to their not being vaccinated.

Clinical Update

12/30/2021

Does Booster Protection Against Omicron Decrease Over Time?

Find out if protection against Omicron infection from a booster dose decreases over time, according to recent data for Pfizer and Moderna boosters.

Clinical Update

1/18/2022

Which Vaccine Booster is Best?

Is the Pfizer or Moderna booster better at protecting against symptomatic Omicron infection? See what new data shows.

Clinical Update

10/16/2021

J&J Vaccine Boosters

A booster vaccine is now recommended for everyone who received a J&J vaccine at least two months ago and the booster will likely be available soon. However, be aware that a booster of the Moderna or Pfizer vaccine may boost immunity more than a J&J booster, according to a recent study.

Clinical Update

10/22/2021

Booster Availability

Boosters are now authorized for specific people who received the Moderna or J&J vaccines, in addition to the Pfizer vaccine. See the details.

CL Answer

Do any supplements or lifestyle changes reduce the symptoms of tinnitus? Is it true that some supplements can cause tinnitus?

Learn which supplements can ease tinnitus, including melatonin and pine bark extract. Understand which may actually cause tinnitus.

Word blocks spelling out “tinnitus”

CL Answer

How Should You Take Care of Yourself After You’ve Had COVID-19?

Find out the best way to care for yourself when recovering from COVID-19, including how long you should quarantine, whether you should get vaccinated, when it is safe to undergo a surgery, and how to spot and, possibly, improve lingering symptoms.

Man in wheelchair talking with doctor after recovering from COVID

Recalls & Warnings

January 25, 2021

Washington Resident Arrested for Selling Illegal COVID-19 Vaccine

On January 21, 2021, 55-year-old Washington resident Johnny T. Stine was arrested for selling and administering illegal, home-made COVID-19 vaccines to Americans.

Recalls & Warnings

March 04, 2022

FTC, FDA, and DOJ Take Joint Action Against Herbal Tea Companies for COVID Claims

On March 3, 2022, the FDA, FTC, and DOJ sued a New York-based marketer of herbal tea, in attempts to permanently block deceptive ads that claim Earth Tea is clinically proven to treat, cure, and prevent COVID-19.

Recalls & Warnings

July 06, 2012

Centrum Multivitamins: Breast and Colon Health Claims Pulled

On July 5, 2012, Pfizer Consumer Healthcare announced it will withdraw breast and colon health claims from its Centrum multivitamin advertising and labels, and will revise health and energy claims made on other Centrum products.

Recalls & Warnings

November 03, 2004

FDA Warns of Sexual Enhancement Supplements Containing Prescription Drug

On November 2, 2004, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)warned consumers not to purchase or to consume Actra-Rx or Yilishen, two products promoted and offered for sale on Web sites as "dietary supplements" for treating erectile dysfunction and enhancing sexual performance for men.